Evidence Summary
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Got It, Hide thisTraditional Chinese exercises may reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in older adults
Dong Y, Pang D, Xiang J, et al. Exploring the benefits of traditional Chinese exercises (Tai Chi and Qigong) on the anxiety and depression of older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis Medicine. 2025; 104: e41908.
Review question
What are the effects of traditional Chinese exercises, like tai chi and qigong, on symptoms of depression and anxiety in older adults?
Background
Depression and anxiety are two of the most common mental health disorders. Traditional Chinese exercises, like tai chi and qigong, are done at low-moderate intensity and involve combining physical movement, meditation, and controlled breathing. Previous research shows that traditional Chinese exercises may improve mental well-being. That said, more research is needed on the optimal frequency and length of exercise.
How the review was done
This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of 31 studies. These studies were published between 2007 and 2022 and included a total of 2501 participants.
Key features of the studies:
- Participants were older adults aged 60 and over.
- Participants took part in one of the following traditional Chinese exercises—tai chi or qigong.
- The exercise programs included 1-7 sessions per week for 20-120 minutes each and were 3 weeks to 12 months in length.
- Researchers measured changes in symptoms of depression and anxiety.
- Participants engaging in traditional Chinese exercises were compared to control groups generally maintaining their regular lifestyle, receiving usual care, engaging in different types of exercise, or receiving education.
What the researchers found
The review found that compared to control groups, traditional Chinese exercises—like tai chi and qigong—may decrease symptoms of depression (especially at 5-7 sessions a week, 40–60-minute sessions, for more than 24 weeks) and symptoms of anxiety (especially at 3-4 times a week, 40–60-minute sessions, for 12-16 weeks). More high-quality research is needed to support these findings.
Conclusion
In older adults, traditional Chinese exercises—like tai chi and qigong—may reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety; however, effectiveness can vary based on the characteristics of the exercise routine or program.
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Glossary
A group that receives either no treatment or a standard treatment.
Advanced statistical methods contrasting and combining results from different studies.
A comprehensive evaluation of the available research evidence on a particular topic.
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